Install NginX and PHP with PHP-FPM, MySQL and APC
Last updated on Sat, 01/12/2013 - 10:22
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*** Please bear in mind that this method is intended for development and testing purposes only. If you care about stability and security you should use the packages provided by your distribution.
An unattended script that installs everything can be found at GitHub. Check the README file for instructions on how to run the installer.
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In this tutorial I will compile a LEMP stack with the latest NginX (1.3.10) and PHP (5.4.10) with FPM, MySQL and APC (3.1.14) on Ubuntu Quantal(12.10). For the moment, Suhosin 0.9.33 is not working with PHP 5.4.x. Apart for some version numbers for some dependencies, all the steps should be the similar for Ubuntu Lucid, Maverick, Natty and Oneiric.
I will not explain how to configure NginX here. You can find a lot of resources about that on the nginx wiki.
In order to compile these programs you will need the following dependencies (most of them should already be installed):
And also some libraries for PHP:
Now let's create a folder in which we can play:
and start downloading the sources:
wget http://us.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.10.tar.gz
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC-3.1.14.tgz
You can visit each site in order to find faster mirrors. Now decompress them:
tar xzvf php-5.4.10.tar.gz
tar xzvf APC-3.1.14.tgz
And now let's install them one by one. I like to put everything I compile by myself in one place, the /opt directory. By doing this I know where to find things like configuration files and libraries.
./configure \
--prefix=/opt/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/scgi \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--user=www-data \
--group=www-data \
--without-mail_pop3_module \
--without-mail_imap_module \
--without-mail_smtp_module
make
sudo make install
sudo wget -O /etc/init.d/nginx https://github.com/vladgh/VladGh.com-LEMP/raw/master/init_files/nginx
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
sudo update-rc.d -f nginx defaults
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/nginx/{body,proxy,fastcgi,uwsgi,scgi}
You sould also create the file /etc/logrotate.d/nginx in order to compress the logs.
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 root adm
sharedscripts
postrotate
[ ! -f /var/run/nginx.pid ] || kill -USR1 \`cat /var/run/nginx.pid\`
endscript
}' > /etc/logrotate.d/nginx"
You can also find a very simple configuration for nginx at https://github.com/vladgh/VladGh.com/blob/master/nginx.conf, but I strongly recommend to use the Nginx Configuration page
Starting with Ubuntu 11.04 the canonical team modified the path for some libraries so you might need to run the following set of commands in order to get the PHP compilation to work:
[ -f /usr/lib/${arch}/libjpeg.so ] && sudo ln -s /usr/lib/${arch}/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/
[ -f /usr/lib/${arch}/libpng.so ] && sudo ln -s /usr/lib/${arch}/libpng.so /usr/lib/
[ -f /usr/lib/${arch}/libXpm.so ] && sudo ln -s /usr/lib/${arch}/libXpm.so /usr/lib/
[ -f /usr/lib/${arch}/libmysqlclient.so ] && sudo ln -s /usr/lib/${arch}/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib/
[ -d /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mit-krb5 ] && sudo ln -s /usr/lib/${arch}/mit-krb5/lib*.so /usr/lib/
Now let's compile the PHP packages:
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
cd php-5.4.10
./buildconf --force
./configure \
--prefix=/opt/php5 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc/php5 \
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php5/conf.d \
--with-curl \
--with-pear \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-xpm-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-t1lib \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-mhash \
--with-mysql \
--with-mysqli \
--with-pgsql \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-pdo-pgsql \
--with-openssl \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-xsl \
--with-bz2 \
--with-gettext \
--with-readline \
--with-fpm-user=www-data \
--with-fpm-group=www-data \
--with-imap \
--with-imap-ssl \
--with-kerberos \
--with-snmp \
--disable-debug \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-cli \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-exif \
--enable-wddx \
--enable-zip \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-calendar \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-soap \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-dba \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-sysvshm \
--enable-sysvmsg
make
sudo make install
The next step is to configure PHP-FPM:
sudo mkdir -p /etc/php5/conf.d
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/log/php-fpm
sudo cp -f php.ini-production /etc/php5/php.ini
sudo chmod 644 /etc/php5/php.ini
sudo cp -f /opt/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /etc/php5/php-fpm.conf
sudo cp -f /opt/php5/etc/pear.conf /etc/php5/pear.conf
sudo cp -f sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
sudo update-rc.d -f php-fpm defaults
We should also modify the init file and the configuration file for PHP with the standard path for the pid file (/var/run):
sudo sed -i "s/php_fpm_PID=.*/php_fpm_PID=\/var\/run\/php-fpm.pid/" /etc/init.d/php-fpm
sudo sed -i".bak" "s/;pid = .*/pid = \/var\/run\/php-fpm.pid/" /etc/php5/php-fpm.conf
You can make the desired modifications to /etc/php5/php-fpm.conf file. This is were you can setup the server to listen on a socket or TCP port, or you can adjust how many processes you want. The file is very well documented in the comments. A sample conf file can be found here.
The newer versions of php complain if a time zone is not set on php.ini (so we grab the system's one)
sudo sed -i".bak" "s/^\;date\.timezone.*$/date\.timezone = \"${TIMEZONE}\" /g" /etc/php5/php.ini
Create the logrotate file for PHP with the following command:
weekly
missingok
rotate 52
compress
delaycompress
notifempty
create 640 www-data www-data
sharedscripts
postrotate
[ ! -f /var/run/php-fpm.pid ] || kill -USR1 \`cat /var/run/php-fpm.pid\`
endscript
}' > /etc/logrotate.d/php-fpm"
Because the executables for both PHP and NginX are not in a standard location you can add the following lines to /etc/environment so that the new path is always loaded:
sudo sh -c "echo \"PATH=\"$PATH\"\" > /etc/environment"
Now you should be able to see the version numbers for NginX and PHP:
php -v
And also the location of the executables:
which php
Now let's install the latest APC:
/opt/php5/bin/phpize -clean
./configure --enable-apc --with-php-config=/opt/php5/bin/php-config --with-libdir=/opt/php5/lib/php
make
sudo make install
You will have to add the extension in php.ini:
apc.enabled = 1
apc.shm_size = 128M
apc.shm_segments=1
apc.write_lock = 1
apc.rfc1867 = On
apc.ttl=7200
apc.user_ttl=7200
apc.num_files_hint=1024
apc.mmap_file_mask=/tmp/apc.XXXXXX
apc.enable_cli=1
; Optional, for \"[apc-warning] Potential cache slam averted for key... errors\"
; apc.slam_defense = Off' > /etc/php5/conf.d/apc.ini"
This is it! You can now start the servers:
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
If you want a MySQL server installed you can run the following command.
apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
This should be enough to get MySQL up and running. If you have a separate database somewhere you can only install the mysql-client package. For additional config parameters look into the /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1/examples folder and you will find a few configurations. You can also get the MySQLTuner.pl script which will give a lot more information on how to fine tune your mysql server:
wget mysqltuner.pl
You should now have a fully functional LEMP platform.
An unattended script that installs everything can be found at GitHub. Check the README file for instructions on how to run the installer.
If you found this useful and you want to contribute, please consider sending a donation (click the button below).